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Louis struggle with resource constraints and grapple with the significant challenges cities face in balancing budgets, maintaining public services and managing infrastructure needs. It results from past budget deficits and requires ongoing management through interest and principal repayments.
GAO, in a 2023 report about the Internal Revenue Service’s modernization efforts, describes it this way: “In an era of constrained budgets, the high costs of maintaining legacy systems could limit an agency’s ability to modernize and develop new or replacement systems.”
Professional government employees are vital partners for these officials and do [or should do] the day-to-day operations of the government, procure products and services, supervise, develop budgets for programs and execute tactics outlined in strategy put forth in part by our elected officials. PublicAdministration Review,72 (4), 526-535.
to fix bad practices, make them democratic instead of just eliminating them ," (2012) (also discusses participatory budgeting) Note that the network concept applies to parks and libraries friends groups, and school PTAs as well. Even neighborhood associations.
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